RT Journal
A1 Kornfeld H
T1 BUprenorphine as a safety net for opioid treatment of nonmalignant pain
JF Archives of Internal Medicine
JO Archives of Internal Medicine
YR 2011
FD March 28
VO 171
IS 6
SP 596
OP 597
DO 10.1001/archinternmed.2011.83
UL http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2011.83
AB 
Believers in opioid therapy for CNCP were influenced by a noble impulse to right a series of wrongs. Following decades of opioid excesses, the federal government seized control of opioid prescribing between 1915 and 1920 and severe opiophobia ensued, leading to the neglect of patients, the criminalization of addiction, and the prosecution of physicians. Even as the undertreatment of pain still persists for many populations throughout the world, the pendulum is now swinging back to fears of opioid's hazards in CNCP, particularly when a morphine equivalent dose exceeds a threshold of 100 to 200 mg.