RT Journal A1 Largent EA, Miller FG T1 IS emergency research without initial consent justified? the consent substitute model—reply JF Archives of Internal Medicine JO Archives of Internal Medicine YR 2010 FD September 13 VO 170 IS 16 SP 1508 OP 1509 DO 10.1001/archinternmed.2010.296 UL http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archinternmed.2010.296 AB Kierzek et al claim that we underestimated the role of community consultation in our article “Is Emergency Research Without Initial Consent Justified? The Consent Substitute Model.”1 The primary focus of our article was a general systematic framework justifying emergency research without informed consent, of which community consultation is but one component. Our model acknowledges the desirability of involving citizens and communities in emergency research and specifically supports their involvement in determining if an experimental intervention conflicts with potential subjects' values and interests. Emergency researchers have confronted many practical difficulties when implementing community consultation. We therefore support the call by Kierzek et al for further research in this important area and believe that empirical findings will only serve to strengthen the Consent Substitute Model and its relevance to emergency research regulations.