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January 1909, Vol II, No. 6 >
ARTICLE | January 1909

THE RELATIONS EXISTING BETWEEN BILIRUBINEMIA, UROBILINURIA AND UROBILINEMIA.

LEWIS A. CONNER, M.D.; JOSEPH C. ROPER, M.D.
Arch Intern Med (Chic). 1909;II(6):532-552. doi:10.1001/archinte.1909.00050110029003.
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I. THE QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF BILIRUBIN IN BLOOD SERUM.  When one considers the frequency of jaundice as a clinical manifestation and its importance as a diagnostic sign in various diseases, it is somewhat surprising that its detection and measurement should so long have escaped the refinements which come from the application of accurate laboratory methods.It is the every-day experience that both of the usual means of recognizing the presence of bile pigment in the blood—the visible pigmentation of the skin and mucous membranes and the reaction for bilirubin in the urine—are crude and often unsatisfactory. In the lesser grades of cholemia the urine does not react for bile pigment, and the appearance of the skin and membranes is often such as to leave one wholly in doubt as to whether or not a jaundice really exists.The examination of the blood itself—the method that

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