Bacterial Lipopolysaccharides,

"The fascination and difficulty of dealing with the biological effects of bacterial endotoxins (LPS) are largely due to the multitude of events that can be triggered in animals exposed to LPS."

Thus, the late Dr. Werner Braun introduced his contribution to this collection of old and new observations concerning bacterial endotoxins. The major purpose in publishing the proceedings would appear to be to update a similar publication ten years earlier.

Out of the publication, one gains the following impressions:

1. Spatial orientation of submolecular components of LPS is securely established. These components consist of an antigen specific polysaccharide, a common polysaccharide present in most endotoxins and lipid A. However, in any bacterial specie, LPS molecules are heterogeneous.

1. LPS has the capability of inducing a primary immune response without the intervention of T (thymusderived) lymphocytes and will stimulate antibody response to other antigens through the same biologic "short cut." The