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Special Article |

Ethical Challenges of Partial Do-Not-Resuscitate (DNR) Orders:  Placing DNR Orders in the Context of a Life-Threatening Conditions Care Plan

Jeffrey T. Berger, MD
Arch Intern Med. 2003;163(19):2270-2275. doi:10.1001/archinte.163.19.2270.
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Do-not-resuscitate (DNR) orders are commonly found in treatment plans for patients near the end of life. Orders for partial resuscitation (eg, "do not intubate") have evolved from DNR orders. Although the ethics of DNR orders have been widely examined in the medical literature, little has been written about the ethics of partial resuscitation. This article explores the ethical implications of partial DNR orders and identifies the need to develop care plans addressing life-threatening conditions for patients with DNR orders.

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Model do-not-resuscitate supplemental document. BiPAP indicates bilevel positive airway pressure; BP, blood pressure; CPAP, continuous positive airway pressure; DNI, do not intubate; DNR, do not resuscitate; GI, gastrointestional; IV, intravenous; IVF, intravenous fluids.

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